Which of the following is not typically considered sufficient to establish reasonable suspicion?

• A. The totality of the circumstances
• B. The officer's training and experience
• C. A reliable informant
• D. A single anonymous tip alone

Answer: (D)

Reasonable suspicion is built from a pattern of specific, articulable facts evaluated under the totality of the circumstances. The officer can rely on what they observe, combined with their training and experience, to interpret behavior and contextual clues. A reliable informant can contribute information that, when trustworthy, helps establish suspicion, especially if it’s corroborated by independent observations. A single anonymous tip alone, however, generally lacks verifiable details and reliability, so it does not by itself provide enough basis to justify a stop. It may become enough if corroborated by the officer’s own observations, but on its own it’s not typically sufficient.